Born at Antigonish, NS, attended Antigonish High School, St. Francis Xavier University (Bachelor of Arts, Honours History, 1973; Bachelor of Education, 1976; Master of Education, 2003) and the University of New Brunswick (Masters of History, 1978). Taught public school in the Antigonish school system from 1976 to 2011. Also former sessional instructor, School of Education program, StFX.